Dry Eye and the Use of Digital Screens

Prolonged use of computers, tablets, and mobile phones has become an indispensable part of daily life. However, this habit is directly linked to an increase in dry eye symptoms, a very common eye condition today.

Pathophysiology of Dry Eye Due to Screen Use

When we use electronic devices, the number of blinks decreases by up to 50% compared to normal activities. This results in:

• Decreased distribution of the tear film on the ocular surface.

• Increased tear evaporation, which creates instability.

• Accumulation of symptoms such as burning, grittiness, redness, and fluctuating blurred vision.

Over time, constant exposure can lead to a chronic imbalance of the ocular surface, generating inflammation and progressive worsening of dry eye.

Recommendations for Maintaining Good Eye Health

1. The 20-20-20 Rule

Every 20 minutes, look at an object 20 feet (6 meters) away for at least 20 seconds.

2. Take Regular Breaks

Take a more complete break every 30 to 40 minutes, looking away from the screen and, if possible, closing your eyes for a few seconds.

3. Use Artificial Tears

Apply preservative-free artificial tears when symptoms of dryness or irritation occur.

4. Remember to Blink

When looking at screens, we tend to blink less. It's important to force conscious blinking to better distribute the tears.

5. Adjust Your Work Environment

Keep the screen 50-60 cm away from your eyes.

Position the top of the screen at eye level or slightly below.

Avoid reflections and excessive glare on the screen.

6. Environmental Control

Avoid excessive use of air conditioning or heating.

Use humidifiers in dry environments.

Common Mistakes That Worsen Dry Eye

Often, without realizing it, we adopt habits that aggravate the problem:

• Not blinking when using screens → This can be improved with conscious blinking and micro-eye breaks.

• Self-medicating with inappropriate eye drops (eye drops with vasoconstrictors or harsh preservatives) → Substituting with preservative-free artificial tears.

• Overusing air conditioning or directing fans to the face → Relocating the air source or using a humidifier.

• Excessive use of contact lenses without breaks → Alternating with glasses and following the specialist's recommendations.

• Ignoring initial symptoms (redness, blurred vision, burning) → Consult an ophthalmologist for an early diagnosis.

• Holding the screen too close → Maintain the recommended distance of 50-60 cm.

• Forgetting eye protection outdoors → Wearing UV-filtering glasses to reduce evaporation and protect from wind/dust.